Former Premier Li Keqiang, China’s economic stalwart for a decade, passed away at 68 due to a heart attack. Despite advocating for private business, President Xi Jinping’s consolidation of power marginalized Li, reducing his influence over economic decisions. Xi’s shift towards centralization marked a departure from consensus leadership. Li’s tenure grappled with economic challenges, as he aimed to balance growth through domestic consumption and service industries. However, state dominance persisted. Li’s political journey, marred by challenges and mixed outcomes, reflects the complexities of navigating China’s economic landscape. His passing raises questions about China’s future economic direction under Xi’s leadership.