Recent issues with the NEET-UG exam, including leaks and irregularities, have sparked debate on education governance in India. Initially under state control, education was shifted to the concurrent list during the Emergency in 1976, aiming for uniform policies. However, attempts to return control to states were made later. Globally, countries like the US and Germany delegate education to states or provinces, while Canada and South Africa maintain provincial oversight. In India, the argument for decentralization emphasizes local needs and expenditure disparities, with states bearing the majority of costs.