On October 7, Hamas launched an unprecedented multi-pronged attack on Israel, firing 2,200 rockets from land, sea, and air. Israel’s Iron Dome defense system intercepted many, though the high volume of rockets may have strained its capabilities. Israel employs a four-layered air defense network, including Iron Dome, to protect against various threats. The U.S. has provided substantial support for Iron Dome, and a co-production agreement allows the U.S. to manufacture its components. While Iron Dome has been efficient in the past, this attack raises questions about its effectiveness and the need for further analysis of defense systems.