Effective June 26, 2024, under the Telecommunications Act 2023, significant regulatory changes will reshape India’s telecom sector, replacing outdated laws from the 19th and 20th centuries. These amendments empower the government to seize control of telecommunications networks in national security interests or during wartime. The Universal Service Obligation Fund transforms into Digital Bharat Nidhi, funding not only rural telecom services but also research and development initiatives. Additionally, the rules mandate protection against spam and malicious communications, while facilitating non-discriminatory rights for telecom infrastructure deployment.